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Effect of Diets Containing Dried Cashew Apple Pulp (Anarcadium occidentale) on Local Pigs Health Status via Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in South’s Senegal

Received: 22 December 2023     Accepted: 2 January 2024     Published: 18 January 2024
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Abstract

Despite its recognized zootechnical advantages in improving food security and reducing poverty worldwide, the pig remains neglected, and unlike other animal species, its breeding is little studied in Senegal. Mainly raised extensively in rural areas of Casamance, pig farming still faces a major feeding problem, hence the need to make the most of inexpensive, locally available feed resources that are often overlooked by stakeholders, while ensuring their harmlessness for the health of the animals. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating dried cashew apple pulp (CAP) into the diets on the health status of local pigs, via biochemical and hematological parameters. Conducted during 112 days in the Sédhiou region, the trial involved 84 local piglets weighing 11 kg body live weight and aged 3 to 5 months. These piglets were evenly distributed according to live weight and sex into 4 batches of 21 subjects each, subdivided into 3 replicates of 7 subjects, corresponding to the 4 dietary treatments for fattening pigs, CAP0 (control feed), CAP10, CAP15 and CAP20 containing 0, 10, 15 and 20% CAP respectively. The pigs were reared in a station, identified, dewormed and fed ad libitum with the mealy diets (CAP0, CAP10, CAP15 and CAP20) produced, and watered with drinking water. On the eve of start-up (day-1), on days 60 and 112 of the trial, two blood samples (in dry and EDTA tubes respectively) were taken from each of the pigs batched according to the dietary feed, and subjected to biochemical and hematological analysis respectively. The biochemical and hematological data obtained or calculated in the Excel by treatment were subjected to a one-factor ANOVA test at the 5% threshold with SPSS-v.23 software, supplemented by the DUNCAN post-hoc test to locate variations between means, when the former showed a significant difference between treatments. The Student's t-test of the same software was also used to compare the averages of biochemical and hematological parameters obtained in all pigs of the different batches before the start of the trial with those obtained in subjects fed each of the CAP-based diets during the experiment. The results show that the incorporation of CAP into the diet of growing-finishing pigs had no adverse effect on biochemical and hematological parameters. It was concluded that CAP can be incorporated up to 20% in the diet of fattening pigs without affecting their health status.

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 12, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13
Page(s) 19-30
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biochemical and Hematological Parameters, Diets, Dried Cashew Apple Pulp, Local Pig

References
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    Atchiwassa, S., Ayssiwede, S. B., Kadja, M. C., Kalandi, M., Ossebi, W., et al. (2024). Effect of Diets Containing Dried Cashew Apple Pulp (Anarcadium occidentale) on Local Pigs Health Status via Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in South’s Senegal. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 12(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13

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    Atchiwassa, S.; Ayssiwede, S. B.; Kadja, M. C.; Kalandi, M.; Ossebi, W., et al. Effect of Diets Containing Dried Cashew Apple Pulp (Anarcadium occidentale) on Local Pigs Health Status via Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in South’s Senegal. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2024, 12(1), 19-30. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13

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    AMA Style

    Atchiwassa S, Ayssiwede SB, Kadja MC, Kalandi M, Ossebi W, et al. Effect of Diets Containing Dried Cashew Apple Pulp (Anarcadium occidentale) on Local Pigs Health Status via Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in South’s Senegal. Anim Vet Sci. 2024;12(1):19-30. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13,
      author = {Sodjinin Atchiwassa and Simplice Bosco Ayssiwede and Mireille Cathérine Kadja and Miguiri Kalandi and Walter Ossebi and Gael Sabin Michihoun and Judith Tchawlassou and Ayao Missohou},
      title = {Effect of Diets Containing Dried Cashew Apple Pulp (Anarcadium occidentale) on Local Pigs Health Status via Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in South’s Senegal},
      journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
      volume = {12},
      number = {1},
      pages = {19-30},
      doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20241201.13},
      abstract = {Despite its recognized zootechnical advantages in improving food security and reducing poverty worldwide, the pig remains neglected, and unlike other animal species, its breeding is little studied in Senegal. Mainly raised extensively in rural areas of Casamance, pig farming still faces a major feeding problem, hence the need to make the most of inexpensive, locally available feed resources that are often overlooked by stakeholders, while ensuring their harmlessness for the health of the animals. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating dried cashew apple pulp (CAP) into the diets on the health status of local pigs, via biochemical and hematological parameters. Conducted during 112 days in the Sédhiou region, the trial involved 84 local piglets weighing 11 kg body live weight and aged 3 to 5 months. These piglets were evenly distributed according to live weight and sex into 4 batches of 21 subjects each, subdivided into 3 replicates of 7 subjects, corresponding to the 4 dietary treatments for fattening pigs, CAP0 (control feed), CAP10, CAP15 and CAP20 containing 0, 10, 15 and 20% CAP respectively. The pigs were reared in a station, identified, dewormed and fed ad libitum with the mealy diets (CAP0, CAP10, CAP15 and CAP20) produced, and watered with drinking water. On the eve of start-up (day-1), on days 60 and 112 of the trial, two blood samples (in dry and EDTA tubes respectively) were taken from each of the pigs batched according to the dietary feed, and subjected to biochemical and hematological analysis respectively. The biochemical and hematological data obtained or calculated in the Excel by treatment were subjected to a one-factor ANOVA test at the 5% threshold with SPSS-v.23 software, supplemented by the DUNCAN post-hoc test to locate variations between means, when the former showed a significant difference between treatments. The Student's t-test of the same software was also used to compare the averages of biochemical and hematological parameters obtained in all pigs of the different batches before the start of the trial with those obtained in subjects fed each of the CAP-based diets during the experiment. The results show that the incorporation of CAP into the diet of growing-finishing pigs had no adverse effect on biochemical and hematological parameters. It was concluded that CAP can be incorporated up to 20% in the diet of fattening pigs without affecting their health status.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Diets Containing Dried Cashew Apple Pulp (Anarcadium occidentale) on Local Pigs Health Status via Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in South’s Senegal
    AU  - Sodjinin Atchiwassa
    AU  - Simplice Bosco Ayssiwede
    AU  - Mireille Cathérine Kadja
    AU  - Miguiri Kalandi
    AU  - Walter Ossebi
    AU  - Gael Sabin Michihoun
    AU  - Judith Tchawlassou
    AU  - Ayao Missohou
    Y1  - 2024/01/18
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13
    T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    SP  - 19
    EP  - 30
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5850
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20241201.13
    AB  - Despite its recognized zootechnical advantages in improving food security and reducing poverty worldwide, the pig remains neglected, and unlike other animal species, its breeding is little studied in Senegal. Mainly raised extensively in rural areas of Casamance, pig farming still faces a major feeding problem, hence the need to make the most of inexpensive, locally available feed resources that are often overlooked by stakeholders, while ensuring their harmlessness for the health of the animals. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating dried cashew apple pulp (CAP) into the diets on the health status of local pigs, via biochemical and hematological parameters. Conducted during 112 days in the Sédhiou region, the trial involved 84 local piglets weighing 11 kg body live weight and aged 3 to 5 months. These piglets were evenly distributed according to live weight and sex into 4 batches of 21 subjects each, subdivided into 3 replicates of 7 subjects, corresponding to the 4 dietary treatments for fattening pigs, CAP0 (control feed), CAP10, CAP15 and CAP20 containing 0, 10, 15 and 20% CAP respectively. The pigs were reared in a station, identified, dewormed and fed ad libitum with the mealy diets (CAP0, CAP10, CAP15 and CAP20) produced, and watered with drinking water. On the eve of start-up (day-1), on days 60 and 112 of the trial, two blood samples (in dry and EDTA tubes respectively) were taken from each of the pigs batched according to the dietary feed, and subjected to biochemical and hematological analysis respectively. The biochemical and hematological data obtained or calculated in the Excel by treatment were subjected to a one-factor ANOVA test at the 5% threshold with SPSS-v.23 software, supplemented by the DUNCAN post-hoc test to locate variations between means, when the former showed a significant difference between treatments. The Student's t-test of the same software was also used to compare the averages of biochemical and hematological parameters obtained in all pigs of the different batches before the start of the trial with those obtained in subjects fed each of the CAP-based diets during the experiment. The results show that the incorporation of CAP into the diet of growing-finishing pigs had no adverse effect on biochemical and hematological parameters. It was concluded that CAP can be incorporated up to 20% in the diet of fattening pigs without affecting their health status.
    
    VL  - 12
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Service de Zootechnie-Alimentation, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV), Dakar, Sénégal

  • Service de Zootechnie-Alimentation, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV), Dakar, Sénégal

  • Service de Pathologie Médicale-Anatomie Pathologie-Cliniques Ambulantes, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV), Dakar, Sénégal

  • Service de Physique et Chimie Biologiques et Médicales, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV), Dakar, Sénégal

  • Service d’Economie Rurale et Gestion, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV), Dakar, Sénégal

  • Service de Zootechnie-Alimentation, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV), Dakar, Sénégal

  • Service de Physique et Chimie Biologiques et Médicales, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV), Dakar, Sénégal

  • Service de Zootechnie-Alimentation, Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires (EISMV), Dakar, Sénégal

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